List of longest bridges above water in India:-
1.Dhola–Sadiya Bridge, 2.Dibang River Bridge, 3.Mahatma Gandhi Setu, 4.Bandra–Worli Sea Link, 5.Bogibeel Bridge, 6. Vikramshila Setu, 7.Vembanad Rail Bridge, 8.Digha–Sonpur Bridge, 9.Arrah–Chhapra Bridge, 10.Godavari Fourth Bridge.
1.Dhola–Sadiya Bridge
The Dhola–Sadiya Bridge, also referred to as the Bhupen Hazarika Setu, is a beam bridge in India, connecting the northeast states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. The bridge spans the Lohit River, a major tributary of the Brahmaputra River, from the village of Dhola (Tinsukia District) in the south to Sadiya to the north.The bridge is the first permanent road connection between the northern Assam and eastern Arunachal Pradesh.
At 9.15 kilometres (5.69 mi) in length, it is the longest bridge in India over water. However, the 9.76 kilometres (6.06 mi) Kacchi Dargah–Bidupur Bridge under construction in the Indian state of Bihar, is expected to become the longest bridge in India upon its estimated completion in November 2021.
With rapid movement of India’s defense assets in mind following incursions by the Chinese Army, the Dhola–Sadiya Bridge has been designed to handle the weight of 60-tonne (130,000-pound) tanks such as the Indian Army’s Arjun and T-72 main battle tanks.Since the Sino-Indian War, China has disputed India’s claim to Arunachal Pradesh, politically and militarily, along the Line of Actual Control, making the bridge an important tactical asset in the ongoing dispute.
2.Dibang River Bridge
The Dibang River Bridge, completed in 2018 as part of NH13 Trans-Arunachal Highway, is a 6.2 km long road bridge across Dibang River which connects Bomjir and Malek villages and provides all-weather connectivity between Dambuk and Roing in eastern part of Arunachal Pradesh state of India.
This strategically important bridge helps Indian military combat anti-national activities and Chinese military threat in the easter sector of Line of Actual Control border areas. It is known as “Talon” in Idu Mishmi language and as “Sikang” in area inhabited by Padam people. it is sometimes also referred to as “Sisseri River bridge”
3.Mahatma Gandhi Setu
Mahatma Gandhi Setu (also called Gandhi Setu or Ganga Setu) is a bridge over the river Ganges in Bihar, India, connecting Patna in the south to Hajipur in the north. Its length is 5,750 metres (18,860 ft and it is the third-longest river bridge in India. It was inaugurated in May 1982 in a ceremony in Hajipur by the then prime minister, Indira Gandhi.
The bridge was approved by the Central Government in 1969 and built by Gammon India Limited over a period of ten years, from 1972 to 1982. The total expenditure was ₹87.22 crore (872.2 million rupees).
It was built to connect North Bihar with the rest of Bihar through the state’s capital at Patna, and as part of national highway 19 (NH19). Before this bridge was constructed, the only bridge crossing of the Ganges in Bihar was Rajendra Setu, approximately 75 kilometres (47 mi) to the east, which had opened in 1959.
4.Bandra–Worli Sea Link
The Bandra–Worli Sea Link (officially known as Rajiv Gandhi Sea Link[1]) is a bridge that links Bandra in the Western Suburbs of Mumbai with Worli in South Mumbai.
It is a cable-stayed bridge with pre-stressed concrete-steel viaducts on either side. It is a part of the proposed Western Freeway that will link the Western Suburbs to Nariman Point in Mumbai’s main business district.
The 1M bridge was commissioned by the Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC), and built by the Hindustan Construction Company. The first four of the eight lanes of the bridge were opened to the public on 30 June 2009. All eight lanes were opened on 24 March 2010.
The sea-link reduces travel time between Bandra and Worli during peak hours from 20–30 minutes to 10 minutes. As of October 2009, BWSL had an average daily traffic of around 37,500 vehicles.
5.Bogibeel Bridge
Bogibeel bridge is a combined road and rail bridge over the Brahmaputra River in the northeastern Indian state of Assam between Dhemaji district and Dibrugarh district, which was started in the year 2002 and took a total of 200 months to complete, Bogibeel river bridge is the longest rail-cum-road bridge in India, measuring 4.94 kilometres over the Brahmaputra river.
As it is situated in an earthquake-prone area it is India’s first bridge to have fully welded steel-concrete support beams that can withstand earthquakes of magnitudes up to 7 on the Richter Scale.It is Asia’s 2nd longest rail-cum-road bridge and has a serviceable period of around 120 years.
It is the 5th longest bridge in India after Bhupen Hazarika Setu, Dibang River Bridge, Mahatma Gandhi Setu and Bandra-Worli Sea Link. The bridge was constructed by a consortium of construction companies headed by Hindustan Construction Company. The bridge has a double rail line on the lower deck and a 3 lane road on the upper deck.
It was inaugurated by prime minister Narendra Modi on 25th December 2018 on the occasion of Good Governance Day.
6. Vikramshila Setu
Vikramshila Setu is a bridge across the Ganges, near Bhagalpur in the Indian state of Bihar named after the ancient Mahavihara of Vikramashila which was established by King Dharmapala (783 to 820 A.D.) .
Vikramshila Setu is 5th longest bridge over water in India. The 4.7 km long two lane bridge serves as a link between NH 33 and NH 31 running on the opposite sides of the Ganges.
It runs from Barari Ghat on the Bhagalpur side on the south bank of the Ganges to Naugachia on the north bank. It also connects Bhagalpur to Purnia and Katihar. This has reduced considerably the road travel between Bhagalpur and places across the Ganges.
However, there is intense traffic congestion on the bridge due to increased traffic and there is now a demand to construct another bridge parallel to it. In June 2018, another 24 km-long Vikramshila -Kataria rail-cum-road bridge between Vikramshila railway station (near Pirpainty south of Ganga) and Kataria railway station (near Naugachia railway station) north of the Ganga, with an expenditure of Rs 4,379.01 crore was approved.
7.Vembanad Rail Bridge
Vembanad Rail Bridge is a rail connecting Edappally and Vallarpadam in Kochi, Kerala. With a total length of 4,620 metres, it is the longest railway bridge in India.The line was dedicated solely for freight, but is now defunct.
The construction of the bridge started in June 2007 and was completed on 31 March 2010. The rail bridge was built by Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd.,Chennai PIU, A Government of India Enterprise (RVNL).
The link from Edapally to Vallarpadam start from Edapally running 3 km parallel to an existing track until it reaches Vaduthala. The rail line then passes through the Vembanad Bridge through 3 small islands, including the Idyakkara and Mulavukad islands in Vembanad Lake to reach Vallarpadam. 80% of the bridge is constructed over water.
8.Digha–Sonpur Bridge
The Digha–Sonpur rail–road bridge (Hindi: दीघा-सोनपुर रेल-सह-सड़क सेतु) or J.P Setu (Hindi: जेपी सेतु) is a bridge across river Ganga, connecting Digha Ghat in Patna and Pahleja Ghat in Sonpur, Saran district in the Indian state of Bihar.The rail-cum-road bridge provides easy roadway and railway link between northern and southern parts of Bihar.
It is a steel truss bridge. Regular scheduled passenger rail service was inaugurated on this route on 3 February 2016. This bridge of 4,556 metres (14,948 ft) length is the second longest rail-cum-road bridge in India, after Bogibeel Bridge in Assam.’
This is second railway bridge in Bihar after Rajendra Setu that connects North Bihar to South Bihar. Indian railways has constructed two railway stations on either sides of the bridge – Patliputra Junction railway station (PPTA) and Bharpura Pahleja Ghat Junction railway station (PHLG). The distance between the Digha-Sonpur bridge and Digha Bridge Halt is around 2 km.
9.Arrah–Chhapra Bridge
Arrah–Chhapra Bridge Veer Kunwar Singh Setu is the longest multi-span extradosed bridge in the world with a main bridge length of 1,920 m (6,300 ft). The bridge crosses over the Ganges River in India, connecting the cities of Arrah and Chhapra in Bhojpur and Saran districts in Bihar state. The bridge provides a roadway link between the northern and southern parts of Bihar. The bridge opened for public use on 11 June 2017.
The second longest extradosed bridge is Kiso-gawa bridge in Japan which is 275m long.
10.Godavari Fourth Bridge
The Godavari Fourth Bridge or Kovvur–Rajahmundry 4th Bridge is built across Godavari River in Rajahmundry, India. This dual bridge connects Kovvur in West Godavari district to Diwancheruvu Junction in Rajamahendravaram in East Godavari district via Katheru, Konthamuru, Palacherla areas in Rajamahendravaram City.
This bridge was constructed, aimed at making Rajamahendravaram City bye pass for National Highway 16 a.k.a Asian Highway 45 to reduce road distance between Kolkata & Chennai by at least 150 kilometres (93 mi)